White House proposes guidelines for regulating the use of AI

guest · Jan 7, 2020

White House proposes guidelines for regulating the use of AI
January 7, 2020
https://techxplore.com/news/2020-01-white-house-guidelines-ai.html

The Trump administration is proposing new rules to guide future federal regulation of artificial intelligence used in medicine, transportation and other industries.

But the vagueness of the principles announced by the White House is unlikely to satisfy AI watchdogs who have warned of a lack of accountability as computer systems are deployed to take on human roles in high-risk social settings, such as mortgage lending or job recruitment.
The White House said that in deciding regulatory action, U.S. agencies "must consider fairness, non-discrimination, openness, transparency, safety, and security."

The rules won't affect how federal agencies such as law enforcement use facial recognition and other forms of AI. They are specifically limited to how federal agencies devise new AI regulations for the private sector.

"These principles are intentionally high-level," said Lynne Parker, U.S. deputy chief technology officer at the White House's Office of Science and Technology Policy. "We purposely wanted to avoid top-down, one-size-fits-all, blanket regulations."
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guest · Jan 12, 2020

Obama-era tech advisors list potential challenges for the White House’s AI principles
January 12, 2020
https://venturebeat.com/2020/01/12/...hallenges-for-the-white-houses-ai-principles/

Former Obama administration advisors say the White House regulatory AI principles announced this week are a good start in many ways, but they’re incorrect in their oversimplified mandate to avoid overregulation of private business use, and that the Trump administration could face an uphill battle in its appeal to the rest of the world.

When asked how an administration with a less-than-ethical track record can be a leader in the ethical use of AI, Terah Lyons said the president’s record could keep the administration from mounting a campaign to convince others around the world to adopt similar principles.

“For better or for worse, the best way to lead in technology policy or otherwise is from the very top, and without moral leadership coming from the president himself, it may be really tough for the United States to claim leadership and to really drive countries around the world to follow,” Lyons said.
But she’s wary of one of the principle’s main tenants: the avoidance of overregulation.
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ronjor · Jan 20, 2020

Google CEO calls for regulation of artificial intelligence

KELVIN CHAN AP Business Writer Jan 20, 2020
LONDON (AP) — Google’s chief executive called Monday for a balanced approach to regulating artificial intelligence, telling a European audience that the technology brings benefits but also “negative consequences.”
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ronjor · Feb 18, 2020

Elon Musk says all advanced AI development should be regulated, including at Tesla

Darrell Etherington@etherington February 18, 2020
Tesla and SpaceX CEO Elon Musk is once again sounding a warning note regarding the development of artificial intelligence. The executive and founder tweeted on Monday evening that “all org[anizations] developing advance AI should be regulated, including Tesla.”
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guest · Jul 9, 2020

Brits Desire More Regulation of AI
July 9, 2020
https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/brits-desire-more-regulation-of-ai/

New research has found that the British public are in favor of increased regulation and more accountability in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

An independent survey of 2,000 adults in the UK by AI firm Fountech.ai discovered that 64% of respondents would like to see the introduction of additional regulation to make artificial intelligence safer.
Concern over the safety of AI varied according to age, with younger respondents adopting a more relaxed attitude. While 73% of those aged over 55 supported the introduction of extra guidelines to improve safety standards, only 53% of those aged between 18 and 34 concurred.

While positive assumptions may prevail regarding the might of the technology's functional prowess, more than two-thirds of those surveyed felt that AI should be kept under the watchful eye of mankind.
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While William Shakespeare observed that "to err is human," machines can also get things wrong. When questioned about the chances of AI making a miscalculation, researchers found that 45% of survey respondents said it is harder to forgive errors that are made by machines than it is to forgive mistakes made by humans.
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guest · Sep 18, 2020

EPIC Urges FCC to Adopt AI Principles, Support Robust Regulation of AI
September 18, 2020
https://epic.org/2020/09/epic-urges-fcc-to-adopt-ai-pri.html

In comments to the Federal Communication Commission's Technological Advisory Council, EPIC urged the FCC to "support the establishment of a strong regulatory framework to ensure AI transparency and accountability within the agency and the private sector."
EPIC's comments are directed to the TAC's AI Working Group, which analyzes the role of AI in telecommunications networks and services.

EPIC recently submitted comments to the EU urging the European Commission to enact comprehensive AI legislation. In February, EPIC filed a petition with the FTC calling for a rulemaking on the use of AI in commerce. EPIC recommends that governments rely on the Universal Guidelines for AI and the OECD AI Principles as a baseline for AI policy.
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guest · Nov 18, 2020

Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada
Commissioner issues proposals on regulating artificial intelligence
November 12, 2020
https://www.priv.gc.ca/en/opc-news/news-and-announcements/2020/nr-c_201112/

The Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (OPC) today released key recommendations for regulating artificial intelligence. The recommendations are the result of a public consultation launched earlier this year.

“Artificial intelligence has immense promise, but it must be implemented in ways that respect privacy, equality and other human rights,” said Commissioner Daniel Therrien. “A rights-based approach will support innovation and the responsible development of artificial intelligence.”
AI offers the potential to help address some of today’s most pressing issues.

However, uses of AI that are based on individuals’ personal information can have serious consequences for privacy. AI models have the capability to analyze, infer and predict aspects of behaviour and interests.
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guest · Nov 18, 2020

‘Avoid a precautionary approach’ when regulating AI applications, OMB tells agencies
November 18, 2020
https://www.fedscoop.com/ai-applications-omb-guidance/

Federal agencies now have guidance from the White House on how to regulate artificial intelligence applications produced for the U.S. market.

The Trump administration’s goal is to make sure agencies don’t stifle innovation when issuing rules intended to serve consumers or protect national security. As software makers expand their use of AI, the federal government is likely to be called upon to step in to regulate the technology.

“While narrowly tailored and evidence-based regulations that address specific and identifiable risks could provide an enabling environment for U.S. companies to maintain global competitiveness, agencies must avoid a precautionary approach that holds AI systems to an impossibly high standard such that society cannot enjoy their benefits and that could undermine America’s position as the global leader in AI innovation,” the memo states.
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The Office of Management and Budget issued the document Tuesday, nearly 21 months after President Trump called for it in an executive order on Feb. 11, 2019.
It was supposed to arrive no more than 180 days after the order.
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guest · Dec 3, 2020

Trump signing order on principles for U.S. government AI use
December 3, 2020
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-...iples-for-u-s-government-ai-use-idUSKBN28D357

The White House said President Donald Trump is signing an executive order on Thursday setting guidance for federal agency use of artificial intelligence that aims to foster public acceptance of the technology in government decision making.

The order directs agencies to prepare inventories of AI-use cases throughout their departments and directs the White House to develop a roadmap for policy guidance for administrative use of AI.
Michael Kratsios, U.S. chief technology officer, said the executive order “will foster public trust in the technology, drive government modernization, and further demonstrate America’s leadership in artificial intelligence.”
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The order emphasizes AI use must be “lawful; purposeful and performance-driven; accurate, reliable, and effective; safe, secure, and resilient; understandable; responsible and traceable; regularly monitored; transparent; and accountable.”
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guest · Oct 3, 2021

What we can learn from China’s proposed AI regulations
October 3, 2021
https://venturebeat.com/2021/10/03/what-we-can-learn-from-chinas-proposed-ai-regulations/

In late August, China’s internet watchdog, the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), released draft guidelines that seek to regulate the use of algorithmic recommender systems by internet information services. The guidelines are thus far the most comprehensive effort by any country to regulate recommender systems, and may serve as a model for other nations considering similar legislation.

China’s approach includes some global best practices around algorithmic system regulation, such as provisions that promote transparency and user privacy controls. Unfortunately, the proposal also seeks to expand the Chinese government’s control over how these systems are designed and used to curate content.
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The CAC’s proposal does contain numerous provisions that reflect widely supported principles in the algorithmic accountability space, many of which my organization, the Open Technology Institute has promoted. For example, the guidelines would require companies to provide users with more transparency around how their recommendation algorithms operate, including information on when a company’s recommender systems are being used, and the core “principles, intentions, and operation mechanisms” of the system.

Companies would also need to audit their algorithms, including the models, training data, and outputs, on a regular basis under the proposal.
Additionally, companies must give users the option to turn off algorithmic recommendations or opt out of receiving profile-based recommendations.
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The Chinese government’s proposed regulation for recommender systems is the most extensive set of rules created to govern recommendation algorithms thus far. The draft contains some notable provisions that could increase transparency around algorithmic recommender systems and promote user controls and choice.
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guest · Oct 23, 2021

New Bill Would Secure Government Contractors' Use of AI
October 22, 2021
https://www.databreachtoday.com/new-bill-would-secure-government-contractors-use-ai-a-17786

Two Senate leaders on Thursday introduced legislation that would form a working group charged with monitoring the security of AI data obtained by federal contractors. This body would also ensure that the data adequately protects national security and recognizes privacy rights, the lawmakers say.

Sens. Gary Peters, D-Mich., chairman of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, and Rob Portman, R-Ohio, the committee's ranking member, introduced the legislation. In a statement, the senators say the bill will help secure and protect information handled by federal contractors using tools such as biometric data from facial recognition scans.
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Peters says in the statement introducing the bill, "While artificial intelligence applications have the potential to strengthen our national security, we must ensure data collected by this technology is secure, used appropriately, and does not compromise the privacy and rights of Americans.

"This bipartisan bill will help ensure that federal contractors are using artificial intelligence properly and for the benefit of the country - and that the information collected through these technologies is not misused."
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An AI-based provision authored by Peters was also passed as part of the year-end government funding bill in late 2020. An "appropriate use" provision offers resources and guidance to federal agencies, ensuring that the government's AI use is "effective, ethical and accountable," Peters, then the committee's ranking member, said at the time.

AI technologies remain a topic of concern at the White House. Earlier this month, officials in the Biden administration said they were exploring an AI "bill of rights" that would govern facial recognition and other applications.
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guest · Oct 24, 2021

University of California to publish database of how it uses AI
October 21, 2021
https://edscoop.com/university-california-ai-database/

The University of California announced plans Monday to launch a public database and assess how the system is using artificial-intelligence based technologies.

Administrators said they’ll follow four recommendations from a new “Responsible Artificial Intelligence” report on risks and opportunities in academics, health, human resources and policing. The report sheds light on how the 10-campus, 250,000 student system currently uses AI and includes recommendations on incorporating eight guiding ethical principles for UC’s use of AI in its services, such as procurement, and monitoring the impact of automated decision-making, facial recognition and chatbots. UC also plans to establish departmental AI councils, according to the report.
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The report is among the first of its kind for colleges and universities, according to a statement UC emailed to EdScoop.

The report recommended using AI-powered software to inform human decision-making or in areas where the technology could reach out to improve the student experience, like AI-powered chatbots.
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Universities often lack a universal ethical approach when buying new technologies, according to Brandie Nonnecke, the founding director of UC’s CITRIS Policy Lab and one of the working group’s co-chairs.

“Other entities have deployed AI and then realized that it’s producing discriminatory or less efficient outcomes. We’re at a critical point where we can establish governance mechanisms that provide necessary scrutiny and oversight.”
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guest · Oct 24, 2021

NATO releases its first strategy for Artificial Intelligence
...the first-ever strategy for Artificial Intelligence (AI) that encourages the use of AI in a responsible manner
October 24, 2021
https://securityaffairs.co/wordpress/123715/security/nato-strategy-artificial-intelligence.html

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing the global defence and security environment, for this reason, NATO Defence Ministers released the first-ever strategy for this technology that promotes its development and use in a responsible manner.
Below are NATO principles of responsible use of Artificial Intelligence in defence: [...]

The new strategy also aims at accelerating and mainstream AI adoption in capability development and delivery, enhancing interoperability within the Alliance. NATO encourages to protect and monitor AI technologies used by its members.
The Alliance warns of malicious use of AI by threat actors and urges the adoption of measures and technologies to identify and safeguard against these threats.
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NATO stresses the importance of addressing these technologies in an ethical way, all of them are dual-use and very pervasive.

“Some state and non-state actors will likely seek to exploit defects or limitations within our AI technologies. Allies and NATO must strive to protect the use of AI from such interference, manipulation, or sabotage, in line with the Reliability Principle of Responsible Use, also leveraging AI-enabled Cyber Defence applications.” concludes the announcement.
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guest · Nov 6, 2021

Sen. Peters’ GOOD AI bill advances in Senate
November 4, 2021
https://www.fedscoop.com/sen-peters-good-ai-bill-advances-in-senate/

The Government Ownership and Oversight of Data in Artificial Intelligence (GOOD AI) Act has advanced from the committee markup stage in the Senate.

The proposed legislation was reported favorably Wednesday by the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee and will now be considered by lawmakers on the chamber’s floor.
Sponsored by Sen. Gary Peters, D-Mich., the bill is intended to protect agency information handled by federal contractors using artificial intelligence technology, such as biometric data from facial recognition scans.
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If enacted, the bill would require the director of the Office of Management and Budget to establish and consult with an AI hygiene working group to ensure government contractors are using data collected by AI in a manner that protects national security and the privacy of Americans.
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guest · Nov 11, 2021

DHS launches public survey on use of AI
November 10, 2021
https://www.fedscoop.com/dhs-launches-public-survey-on-use-of-ai/

The Department of Homeland Security’s Science and Technology Directorate is seeking information from the public on the use of artificial intelligence, including facial recognition technology.

In a request for information published in the Federal Register, the department said it launched the survey Nov. 5 to collect information from the public about the applications of the technology.
“DHS has already used or piloted AI-based technologies in several of its key functions, including customs and border protection, transportation security, and investigations,” the document said. “However, AI in general and facial recognition in particular are not without public controversy, including concerns about bias, security and privacy. Therefore, understanding how the public perceives these technologies, and then designing and deploying them in a manner responsive to the public’s concerns, is critical in gaining public support for DHS’s use of these technologies.”
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DHS will accept responses to the RFI through Dec. 5.
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guest · Nov 14, 2021

White House technology policy chief says AI bill of rights needs ‘teeth’
November 10, 2021
https://www.fedscoop.com/ai-bill-of-rights-teeth/

The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy’s bill of rights for an artificial intelligence-powered world needs “teeth,” in the form of procurement enforcement, said Director Eric Lander on Tuesday.

Many AI ethics proposals are little more than a set of basic expectations around governance, privacy, fairness, transparency and explainability, when laws and litigation are needed to back them up, Lander said, during Stanford University’s Human-Centered AI Fall Conference.
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Lander’s comments come after the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) issued a request for information last month on biometrics use cases — given the technologies’ wide adoption for identification, surveillance and behavioral analysis — to inform development of the AI bill of rights.

“We see this as a way not to limit innovation,” Lander said. “We see this [as a way] to improve the quality of products by not rewarding people who cut corners and instead setting ground rules to reward people who produce safe, effective, fair, equitable products.”
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A right to fairness is tricky because of the many definitions of algorithmic fairness circulating currently, Lander said.
Lander gave the example of a facial recognition algorithm that has high overall accuracy, but not among minority passengers, being problematic.

People also may want the right to know how AI came to a decision about their government benefits, which could lead to a requirement for developers of “rights by design,” Lander said.

“The best way to do that is to ensure that the developers of AI have a diverse range of perspectives and experiences, so you catch issues early,” Lander said.
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guest · Nov 18, 2021

In the push for development, is the U.S. prepared to regulate AI?
November 17, 2021
https://venturebeat.com/2021/11/17/in-the-push-for-development-is-the-u-s-prepared-to-regulate-ai/

The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has captured the attention of nearly every industry — including the public sector. In fact, this June, Lynne Parker became the United States’ first AI czar, tasked with evaluating societal risks associated with AI and preventing harm from new technologies. More recently, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced plans to form a committee to advise federal agencies on AI research and development, and the National Artificial Intelligence Advisory committee said they plan to focus on several issues — including U.S. competitiveness and how AI can enhance opportunities for geographic regions.

What’s become increasingly clear today — supported by the continued investment of AI spending — is that the administration is adamant about bolstering AI efforts and addressing AI regulations across the public and private sectors. Yet, many still wonder whether the increased focus on AI will result in any tangible outcomes.
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If it is designed, implemented, and applied in the right ways, the possibilities for AI technology could be infinite. However, society must remain educated and able to trust in its future. Therefore, the Biden administration’s efforts and goals ultimately highlight the importance of ethical and regulated AI to ensure a balanced coexistent future.

While ethical and unbiased AI is the way of the future, ensuring that the two can harmoniously exist to address some of today’s most significant challenges globally will be its biggest test to overcome.
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xxJackxx · Nov 18, 2021

To what effect will the U.S. regulate the use of AI assuming the largest threat of misuse will come from other countries? They're not going to care about our regulations.

guest · Nov 24, 2021

Regulation of AI needed to avoid the mistakes of social media
November 24, 2021
https://www.computerweekly.com/news...-needed-to-avoid-the-mistakes-of-social-media

Experts giving evidence to the House of Lords Communications and Digital Committee have warned that without sufficient regulation, artificial intelligence (AI) could follow the path of the largely unregulated social media platforms.
Among the issues explored during the evidence hearing was the nature of international regulations and whether self-regulation works.

Tabitha Goldstaub, co-founder of CogX and chair of the AI Council, said: “Companies can deploy AI systems in an almost unregulated market. We need to ensure the government can scrutinise systems.”
OpenAI, developer of the GPT-3 algorithm, was also invited to give evidence.
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For Goldstaub, among the challenges and opportunities facing AI is the balance between academic research in the public domain, where algorithms can be analysed, and the level of R&D being run by major software businesses.

Among the problem areas the government faces in drawing up a regulatory framework for AI is the fact that the technology crosses international borders. Chris Philp, minister for technology and the digital economy at the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, said the pace of AI developments is a challenge to regulators.

“Technologies are international in scope, which means we can’t separate which pieces are under UK jurisdiction,” he said. At the same time, the government did not want to put in place a regulatory framework that stifled innovation or had a fixed architecture that would be immediately out of date, said Philp.
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guest · Aug 17, 2022

UK Government Sets Out Sector-Specific Vision for Regulating AI
August 10, 2022

The UK Government recently published its AI Governance and Regulation: Policy Statement (the “AI Statement”) setting out its proposed approach to regulating Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) in the UK.
The Statement builds on the UK Government’s ten year National AI Strategy (as detailed in our blog post here) and includes a call for views and evidence that closes on 26 September.

Unlike the EU’s cross-sector AI Act which is currently making its way through the legislative process (see our post on the proposed Regulation here), the AI Statement does not propose introducing a new standalone regulatory framework for AI.
The UK Government notes that it does not think it is currently necessary to introduce legislation on AI; rather it envisages adopting a set of high-level AI principles to be developed and implemented by sectoral regulators. Regulators will be asked to consider guidance or voluntary measures in the first instance, and the UK Government will keep this non-statutory approach under review.
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guest · Sep 6, 2022

The EU’s AI Act could have a chilling effect on open source efforts, experts warn
By Kyle Wiggers @kyle_l_wiggers - September 6, 2022

Proposed EU rules could limit the type of research that produces cutting-edge AI tools like GPT-3, experts warn in a new study.

The nonpartisan think tank Brookings this week published a piece decrying the bloc’s regulation of open source AI, arguing it would create legal liability for general-purpose AI systems while simultaneously undermining their development. Under the EU’s draft AI Act, open source developers would have to adhere to guidelines for risk management, data governance, technical documentation and transparency, as well as standards of accuracy and cybersecurity.
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If a company were to deploy an open source AI system that led to some disastrous outcome, the author asserts, it’s not inconceivable the company could attempt to deflect responsibility by suing the open source developers on which they built their product.

“This could further concentrate power over the future of AI in large technology companies and prevent research that is critical to the public’s understanding of AI,” Alex Engler, the analyst at Brookings who published the piece, wrote. “In the end, the [E.U.’s] attempt to regulate open-source could create a convoluted set of requirements that endangers open-source AI contributors, likely without improving use of general-purpose AI.”
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In 2021, the European Commission — the EU’s politically independent executive arm — released the text of the AI Act, which aims to promote “trustworthy AI” deployment in the EU as they solicit input from industry ahead of a vote this fall, EU. institutions are seeking to make amendments to the regulations that attempt to balance innovation with accountability. But according to some experts, the AI Act as written would impose onerous requirements on open efforts to develop AI systems.
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he EU’s attempt to regulate open-source AI is counterproductive

By Alex Engler @AlexCEngler - September 1, 2022
The regulation of general-purpose AI (GPAI) is currently being debated by the European Union’s legislative bodies as they work on the Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA). One proposed change from the Council of the EU (the Council) would take the unusual, and harmful, step of regulating open-source GPAI. While intended to enable the safer use of these tools, the proposal would create legal liability for open-source GPAI models, undermining their development. This could further concentrate power over the future of AI in large technology companies and prevent research that is critical to the public’s understanding of AI.
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guest · Dec 14, 2022

What are lawmakers and regulators doing about AI?
By Patrick Devaney - December 14, 2022

AI has had a big couple of years. Hugely popular and genuinely impressive AI-based tools from Stable Infusion and DALL-E 2 to ChatGPT have captured the world’s imagination, with many of us thinking we are on the cusp of something truly massive and revolutionary. These days, AI is everywhere too, from your Spotify Wrapped playlist all the way up to government agencies and ministries handing over important powers to automated decision-making systems.

With AI then seemingly able to do many of our jobs better and quicker than we ever could and other aspects of our human rights being put into the hands of advanced algorithms, it is not hyperbole to ask, do we need to be scared of AI, and what is being done to make sure things don’t get out of hand? Today, we are going to look at some of the different laws that are being drafted for this exact reason and why they are important.
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The EU AI Act
The EU AI Act is important as it marks the first attempt to create a fully horizontal law that will regulate all uses of AI. It works on risk-based criteria and categorizes applications of AI into three risk levels.
The Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights
You might have got it from the language used, but the Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights is a US initiative. The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy has released a blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights that outlines five principles to guide the design, use, and deployment of automated systems in the age of artificial intelligence.
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Other examples of AI laws and regulations
There is no doubt that the EU AI Act is the biggest player in this field, but even that falls short in many regards as EU regulators try to shy away from the US innovates and the EU regulates cliché. A risk-based framework does have its merits, but human rights and harms-based approaches would better protect everyday citizens from the cold algorithmic logic that may not even be fully trained or aware of the individual intricacies of their lives.

It is heartening to see then that there is a plethora of national regulations on the table in a wide variety of countries including Canada, China, the UK, Brazil, and more.
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