blue screen of death, can you help me to understand?

When you write data to disk, it is not written directly, most of the time. It goes into a cache, which is then asynchronously committed at a later time. If the machine crashes, there can be data in the cache that will not be committed, and you may lose it.

But it depends on the disk, driver, file system.
Sometimes, you will commit data, but not meta data, etc.

HW driver - if a driver controls some hardware component, a buggy driver can potentially brick the component. Does not happen very often, but a driver could kill the HW, like sound card, network card, etc. Normally, you won't see this with official drivers, but alpha/beta, could be.

Mrk

 

@ mantra

Just noticed this, which "could" help