About post editing (Full vs Quick)

No, it can't. It's not a member by member configurable option.

 

All of that would be coding changes, and not very simple ones at that. The quick edit thing is all run as local javascript in your browser, and it controls (intercepts) the click on the "edit" button which creates that first edit window locally without contacting the forum again. It uses something called the AJAX editor interface, and it's a complex javascript application. I'm afraid you'll have to use two clicks instead of one to get to the full-edit window (i.e. clicking the "Go Advanced" button after first clicking the "edit" button.)