With Windows 7 Firewall set to block unknown incoming and outgoing connections, WiFi printing no longer works (as expected). I've been trying to use a combination of Wireshark, netstat -anob, and Process Explorer to determine what needs to be allowed to get WiFi printing to work, but so far, no success. I've tried allowing the printer drivers and the print spooler WiFi access, but still no-go. I can ping the printer even with everything blocked. So, what is necessary to allow WiFi printing to work when incoming and outgoing connections are blocked with the Firewall? I think this must be a common issue. Also, why is ping working? Is it considered part of "Core Networking", which has a default exception?
Ping is allowed in the advanced windows firewall outbound rules. Its under File and Printer Sharing ICMPv4 and ICMPv6 out rules. They are normally disabled by default.