Firefox plugin sounds interesting but kind of complicated.

[ratchet]

Plus, if you white list a site and it becomes infected later you'd still be screwed, unless I'm not understanding how to use it.
http://www.zscaler.com/researchtools.html

[0strodamus]

Sounds to me like RefControl has this covered in my browser.

[BoerenkoolMetWorst]

I just have referrer completely turned off
go to about:config
network.http.sendRefererHeader change the value to 0
network.http.sendSecureXSiteReferrer change the value to False(some online checkout sites that redirect to another site for payment might use this, but most work fine without it.)

[Brummelchen]

use a script and banner filter to prevent the most items.
those filters are improving with time.
Additional options may WOT oder McAfee Site Advisor

Equal addon(s)
https://addons.mozilla.org/de/firefox/addon/177549/
AVG Security Toolbar
http://www.avg.com/ch-de/avg-security-toolbar
Kaspersky have similar.

Or blocked by HOSTS. There several routes to rome

[0strodamus]

I'm not following how any of the methods you proposed are going to block or alter the referrer header which is the protection discussion referenced by the OP's link.

[Brummelchen]

then i didnt get the target of this stupid extension.
sry - totally useless from my point to change referer only from search sites.
either complete or with a whitelist for all sites.
and the description there is totally wrong.
at least access should be denied instead changing header data.
user is already in the bad condition - it makes no matter from where he came.